Showing posts with label Monday Madness. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Monday Madness. Show all posts

Monday, June 7, 2010

Madness Monday - The Standards For Sound Genealogical Research apply to Cherokee Genealogy Too

I have been taking a break from this blog in order to research and work on some other projects concerning Cherokees, but due to some recent comments, I think it is important to start writing here again on a regular basis. It is apparent some people simply do not understand exactly what makes one Cherokee. In my mind, it is pretty simple...one must descend from a Cherokee in order to be Cherokee, but some people just don't seem to get it. The fact that people want to do their Cherokee genealogy without following the Standards For Sound Genealogical Research drives me "mad"!

People offer all sorts of "proof" to show they are or someone else is Cherokee. They say their family escaped the Trail of Tears or hid out to avoid removal. They say their family refused to enroll. They say they speak the language, know the customs or follow the traditions. One reader even said it was obvious Johnny Depp was Native American because he directed and starred in a movie called "The Brave", has an Indian tattoo and has constantly spoke of his ancestry since early in his career. Probably the craziest thing I have heard came from a woman who insisted her grandmother was Cherokee because she was a mystic and wore moccasins!

Maybe to some, these claims sound logical, but to anyone who knows and understands Cherokee history, true Cherokee history, these claims are absurd. They don't understand that, even if their family did escape the Trail of Tears, hide out to avoid removal, or refused to enroll, their ancestors would still be found on earlier rolls. They don't understand that speaking the language, knowing customs or following traditions are things that can be learned by anyone and offers no proof of ancestry. They don't understand that there is no law preventing a white man from claiming to be Indian, starring in and directing a movie about Indians or from getting an Indian tattoo. They don't understand that these New Age beliefs and hippie-like attire are not Cherokee. And, they don't understand that Cherokee genealogy is exactly the same as any other genealogy. It must be verified and supported with evidence.

If you are one of those people who believes you will never be able to verify your Cherokee ancestry because there are no records or because the records were lost or the records burned up in a fire, I urge you to learn some actual Cherokee history instead of listening to what others say. The Cherokee people are possibly the most documented group of people in the United States and one of the most documented in the world. I have said it before and I will say it again, Cherokee genealogy is extremely easy and in my opinion, easier than the genealogy of whites. After all, the government kept track of Indians. Whites were allowed to move about and do whatever they wanted without the government recording it or keeping track of them.

In closing, I would like to share a few truths --- There are 30+ rolls of the Cherokee people dating back to before the forced removal. There are rolls with the names of those who did not remove from the east on the Trail of Tears. Not enrolling on the Dawes Roll was not an option - people were arrested and forced to enroll or informants gave the information for them. Because of the previous rolls, the Dawes Commission knew who to look for and inquire about. If your family is not found on any of the rolls of the Cherokee people, then there is only one logical conclusion to make - they were NOT Cherokee. All the other claims and reasons people give (many listed above) don't hold water and certainly don't adhere to the Standards For Sound Genealogical Research. The ONLY thing that makes one Cherokee is decent from a real Cherokee who is found in the historical documentation of the Cherokee Nation. Basing your genealogy on anything else means you are writing a work of fiction based on what you want to believe rather than what the evidence shows. "Genealogy without proof is mythology."

Those are my thoughts for the day,
Thank you for reading,

CC
The Granddaughter
copyright 2010, Polly's Granddaughter - TCB

Monday, November 23, 2009

Monday Madness - Understanding the Final Dawes Roll Index

Though somewhat outside the definition of Monday Madness, I hope all will bear with me because this is an EXTREMELY important topic in Cherokee Genealogy and the fact that people do not attempt to learn a little background information before jumping to conclusions drives me "mad". As I stated in my last post, often people have heard a family story of Cherokee lineage so they go directly to the Dawes Roll index and find a name that matches the name of one of their ancestors and they wrongly assume that is their ancestor. I think I will be doing a disservice to all searching for Cherokee ancestry if I do not address this in more detail.

I would like to elaborate on the online index and what all those letters and numbers mean since it seems most people don't understand them. Because this index is available, people use it to search for their ancestor. They find a name that matches and decide that is their ancestor. Then they claim they are Cherokee because their ancestor was. The problem with this is, often times, they will grab a name from the index that has D, R, P, O, FRR, FD as the "Type" or IW as the "Blood" or NR as the "Roll" number. These "letters" mean the person with that name was either not Cherokee or not registered. Often, these types do not have a number listed in the "Roll" column of the index.

D = Doubtful or denied
R = Rejected

P = Parent (parent of the applicant, may or may not have filed their own application)
O = Owner (former owner of the applicant, may or may not have filed their own application)
FRR = Freedman, rejected
FD = Freedman, doubtful or denied
IW = Intermarried white (NOT Indian/White!!!)
NR = Not registered

The "Types" to look for are BB, F, M and FM with a number listed in the "Roll" column if you want to find a Cherokee citizen at the time of the Dawes Roll. It is important to find both the "Type" and a "Roll" number in combination.

BB = By blood
F = Freedmen (former slaves of the Cherokee)
M = Minor, by blood
FM = Freedmen, minor

Seeing NR in the "Roll" column can mean a variety of things. It could mean the person who made the application was rejected or it could mean the person died before the Final Roll. Looking at the "Type" along with the "NR" should give you a clue. If the "Type" is any of the following - D, R, P, O, FRR, or FD, then the person was determined not to be Cherokee. If the "Type" is BB, then the person probably died before the Final Roll.


Finding IW listed as the "Blood" means the person was an Intermarried White. I have heard people often misinterpret this to mean an Indian/White combination of blood, but this is not correct. Some people listed as IW were determined to be legal citizens of the Cherokee Nation and met the requirements to be listed on the Dawes Roll and others did not. Once again, the easiest way to tell if the person was actually listed on the Dawes Roll is to look at both the "Type" and "Roll" columns. There should be a number in the "Roll" column of the index and often they are listed in the "Type" column as BB.

In light of all this information, I think it is important that family genealogists understand that, even though you can get a lot of information from the online index for the Dawes Roll if you read it correctly, you still MUST use the Dawes application made by the person combined with other evidence to verify the name belongs to your ancestor. Without careful research of a variety of sources, there is no way to be sure the name you found on the index of the Dawes Roll is actually your ancestor.

Those are my thoughts for today.
Thank you for reading.

CC
The Granddaughter
copyright 2009, Polly's Granddaughter - TCB

Monday, November 16, 2009

Monday Madness - The Cherokee Carey Surname

Cherokee families did not always have surnames, so figuring out why they sometimes have a particular surname can be a rather daunting task. The origin of my Cherokee family surname Carey is no different. Though many times, a white man would marry into the tribe and his descendants would take his surname, this does not seem to be the case with my Careys. I am not saying it isn't a possibility, I am just saying at this point in time, documentation does not suggest that is the way the family came to have that name.

Of course, we have a family story about why our Indian family came to have an Irish surname, but I do not base my genealogy on family stories, so I have put that aside and I depend on what I can find as evidence through documentation and other sources. And, of course, as sometimes the fact with any genealogical research, it has only served to drive me crazy or "mad". I often feel as if I am dancing around in a circle, and the answer is just out of my reach. The answer is there and I am close, but I just can't put my finger on it yet. UGH..............

What I know about this Cherokee Carey family and surname is IF you descend from anyone who was considered a full blood and a Cherokee Carey at the time of Dawes, then you are a descendant of Mike Carey and his wife, Nancy Tucker. There is no doubt about this. All evidence and documentation of these Careys leads back to those two people. There is a mixed blood Cherokee Carey line who got their surname from a white man, but there is no known connection between that family and mine.

I also know that all of the full blood Cherokee Careys originate, at least at the time of the Dawes Roll, from the 14 Mile Creek/Melvin/Lost City area in Oklahoma. The descendant lines may have moved around a bit, but the origins of their family came from those areas along 14 Mile Creek.

Mike Carey, the first I have found to have used the surname Carey, arrived in Indian Territory as part of one of the removal detachments. I don't know when he arrived or who he traveled with, but know he traveled the infamous "Trail of Tears" because he is listed on the 1852 Drennen Roll. By 1852, he was an adult with his own family, so I am not able to connect him with his parents through that roll. Per one of his children's Guion Miller applications, he was born in North Carolina. Though interesting and nice to know, that information has not yet allowed me to connect him to his parents and I don't know if it ever will. One child of his listed a paternal grandfather named Dick Ah-cawk on his Miller app, but that "name" offers little in solving the mystery of who the parents were of Mike Carey or how our surname came to be.

At this point in time, it seems Mike Carey might have been the first of my Cherokee ancestors in that line to have used the surname Carey, since this surname associated with my line of Careys seems to (going backward) stop with him. Some evidence I have found suggests his siblings took different surnames which were used by their descendants. This would mean I could have many collateral lines that have never been connected to my family yet. It also might give some evidence which would suggest this Cherokee Carey surname family story might be true. But, without further evidence or documenation, I am not ready to say that yet.

I just thought I would share a part of my genealogy research that is driving me "mad". Cherokee genealogy, like any other, is not always easy and we don't find the answers overnight, but with patience and thorough research, the truth can be found. And as lovely and as heartwarming as family stories can be, remember what they say - genealogy without proof is mythology! As interesting as my family story is and as easy as it would be to just accept it as true, it would be a disservice to my descendants to pass such information to them without some type of documentation or evidence to verify it.

Those are my thoughts for today.
Thank you for reading.

CC
The Granddaughter

copyright 2009, Polly's Granddaughter - TCB